#MCell 4.00
#GAME Rules table
#RULE 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,
#RULE 0,3,1,1,3,3,3,3,3,3
#BOARD 60x60
#SPEED 100
#WRAP 0
#CCOLORS 4
#PALETTE 8 colors
#D To make an operable circuit, a bistable element must be provided with
#D output leads so that its state can be exploited by the remainder of the
#D circuit. Additionally, there must be some mechanism to force it into
#D a known state, which includes inducing it to change states. Rather than
#D making the designer keep track of the state of the flip flop, the most
#D elegant versions do this internally, automatically exchanging states upon
#D the receipt of a triggering signal.
#D 
#D The following design incorporates a NOR gate; a single electron (arriving
#D in the correct phase of the six phase clock), acting as a TRUE pulse, will
#D force one or the other state, according to its entry point. The flip flop actually
#D requires the TRUE signal for two cycles, which is arranged internally by pulse
#D doublers.
#D 
#D An additional detail, not shown, would be to restrict the output stream to
#D a single pulse. In that form the units could be cascaded to form a counter,
#D the style of the output then being consistent with the input.
#D 
#D 
#D Harold V. MacIntosh
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